基于不同刚体模型的体操落地冲击动力学比较研究

目的:对比不同刚体模型的仿真精度,探讨不同刚体模型的体操落地冲击动力学差异。方法:创建19(模型1)、16(模型2)、14(模型3)、13(模型4)、12(模型5)环节的人体多刚体模型和体操落地垫模型,进行自由操落地动力学仿真。结果:除模型4外,其余模型仿真获取的膝关节角度曲线与运动学解析结果非常接近。综合对比髋、膝、踝关节角度、GRF及到达时间,模型3最适用于重现自由操落地实际运动表现。右膝关节伸肌力矩峰值从模型1到模型5依次降低,模型1最大(281 N·m);屈肌力矩峰值从模型1到模型5依次增大,模型5最大(48 N·m)。结论:模型3仿真精度最高,完全可以重现实际运动学表现。膝关节屈曲角度对伸肌、屈肌力矩峰值影响较大。

Comparative Study on Impact Dynamics of Floor Exercise Landing Based on Different Rigid-Body Models

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the impact dynamics of floor exercise landing by investigating the simulation precision of different rigid-body models. Methods: Five rigid-body models with 19-segment (model 1), 16-segment (model 2), 14-segment (model 3), 13-segment (model 4), 12-segment (model 5) and floor exercise landing mats model were established, and were used to do simulation of impact dynamics. Results: Except model 4, all rigid-body models gained the knee angle curve which is similar to kinematic result. Considering the angles of hip, knee and ankle, ground reaction force (GRF) and the time to get peak GRF, model 3 is the best one to reproduce the real performance of floor exercise landing. The peak torque of knee extensor is decreased from model 1 to model 5 one by one, model 1 has the largest torque (281N·m). The peak torque of knee flexor is increased from model 1 to model 5 one by one, model 5 has the largest torque (48N·m). Conclusion: Model 3 has the highest precision, can reproduce the real sports. Flexion angle of knee has an obvious influence on peak torques of extensor and flexor.