颜延之注阮籍诗“怯言其志”辨

有人把李善注阮籍《咏怀诗》语误为颜延之注者。《诗品》称颜延之注阮籍《咏怀诗》"怯言其志","怯言",或指颜延之怕说错及有所穿凿而不言,或指颜延之身处易代之际不敢言不愿言。沈约之注则借释典故说出阮诗之"意"。把阮籍诗作与时事附会起来讲,始作俑者是注《文选》之"五臣"。阮籍当年事以"得意忘象"之玄学思想方法作诗,我们亦当以"得意忘象"之玄学思想方法来解诗。

A Critical Review on Yan Yanzhi' s Comment of Ruan Ji' s Poets:" Afraid of Speaking out His Ambition"

Some people mistake the comment of Ruan Ji’s Poems of Heart written by Li Shan for by Yan Yanzhi.It is stated in the Critique of Poetry that Yan Yanzhi commented Ruan Ji’s Poems of Heart "fare to speak out his ambitions"."Fare to speak" maybe refers to that Yan Yanzhi did not speak out his ideas because of his fear that he would make mistakes or become far-fetched;or it may mean that Yan Yanzhi lived in a period of empire reign transition,so that he did not dare to or was reluctant to talk about the truth.Shen Yue’s comment,by use of a literary quotation,reveals Ruan Ji’s "intension".When Ruan Ji’s poems are associated with current affairs of his time,it may be found that the initiators were the "Five Ministers" who wrote comments for the Selected Works.Ruan Ji wrote his poems with the metaphysical idea of "obtaining meaning while forgetting image";therefore,his poems should be interpreted through this approach.