大城市青年农民工的就业特征及存在的若干问题——以上海市闵行区为例

大城市农民工中青年人所占的比例较大,这部分流动人口有其自身的特点,在以往的调查研究中大多没有通过对比其他年龄人群的方法对此加以总结.上海市闵行区的流动人口抽样调查数据显示,青年农民工在职业结构特征、寻找工作途径、工作时间与工资报酬、更换工作的频率与原因等方面与其他年龄人群的流动人口相比具有明显的差异;由此可以发现青年农民工就业中存在的主要问题,即受教育程度偏低,相互关联的就业隔离与社会隔离,针对流动人口中青年人的就业扶助政策还不够等.因此,有关部门应从发展职业教育、培育劳动力市场、完善制度和法规以及促进青年流动人口的社会整合等方面着手解决上述问题.

On the Employment Characteristics of the Young Floating Population in Metropolis and Some Existing Problems--A Case Study of Minhang District in Shanghai

The youth are a big part of the floating population and they have their own characteristics. However, this fact has been ignored in previous studies due to the absence of contrastive methods. Based upon the data from the spot check of floating population at Minhang District in Shanghai, and by means of the contrastive methods, the present study summarizes four employment characteristics of young floating population in terms of occupation structure, the way they found their current job, working time and salary, frequency of job changing and the main reasons. Several problems of the employment of the young floating population pop up in this study, for example, poor education, employment and social segregations which are closely related, inadequate employment supporting system from city governments, etc. Last but not the least, some measures are put forward in order to solve these problems, namely, the development of vocational education, fostering cross - provincial labor market, the improvement of laws and institutions, and promoting the social integration of the young floating population.