朱熹理学的解构与中国哲学传统的再诠释

朱熹理学的核心价值就是 :天理与人欲、天地之性与气质之性、道心与人心、公与私、义与利、王道与霸道。其中天理、天地之性、道心、公、义、王道是居于主导、积极、正面意义的价值 ;人欲、气质之性等是居于从属、消极、负面或应被消灭的价值。朱熹理学的这种二元对立源于其体系内天人不合一的深刻矛盾 :一是宇宙论理路与人性价值论理路的矛盾 ;二是对天人合一之理———仁的内涵揭示的不一致的矛盾。明清时期的儒学发展基本上是围绕消解理学自身矛盾而展开 ,直到戴震完成这一矛盾的解构 ,颠覆了理学核心价值的霸权话语地位 ,为重建天人合一之学提供了理论基础。

Deconstruction of Zhu Xi''''s Confucianism and reinterpretation of Chinese philosophy

The kernel value of Zhu Xi's theory lies in a series of binary oppositions such as oppositions between celestial law and human desire, principle nature and temperament nature, the spirit of Tao and the spirit of man, the public and the private, righteousness and benefit . The former of these oppositions are positive while the latter are negative. These binary oppositions in his theory rooted in those contradictions resulting from disconnections between nature and man. Confucianism in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was focused on the elimination of those contradictions in Zhu Xi's theory till Dai Zhen deconstructed and repudiated its supremacy. Thus, it provided theoretical bases for the view of the combination of nature and man.