大理单刺仙人掌提取物抑菌效果及抑菌机理的初步探讨

目的：探讨大理地区单刺仙人掌乙醇提取物和超声波提取物的体外抑菌效果及其抑菌机制。方法：以乙醇提取法和超声波提取法提取仙人掌原液,用K-B法分别测仙人掌提取物对标准株金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和白色念珠菌标准株的抑菌效果,以常量稀释法检测其最低抑菌浓度,并以抑菌曲线初步探讨其抑菌机制。结果：两种方法提取的仙人掌原液对实验菌株均有抑制作用,乙醇提取物的最低抑菌浓度小于超声波提取物。抑菌曲线表明,乙醇提取物原液在金黄色葡萄球菌生长的9 h内均表现出抑制作用。结论：大理地区的单刺仙人掌两种提取物对本实验的革兰阳性菌和革兰阴性菌及真菌均有抑制作用,其中乙醇提取物的抑菌效果较超声波提取物好。本研究可为仙人掌提取物的进一步研究和应用打下理论基础。

Preliminary Study on the Antibacterial Effects and Mechanism of Opuntia monacantha Extracts in Dali

Objective： To study the antibacterial effects and mechanism in vitro of the ethanol extracts and ultrasonic extracts of Opuntic monacantha in Dali. Methods： Ethanol extraction and ultrasonic extraction were respectively applied to the preparation of primary extracts of Opuntia monacantha, and antibacterial effects on experimental strains Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were detected by using K-B method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations（MIC） were measured by the macro dilution method, and the antibacterial mechanism was preliminarily explored by the antibacterial curve. Results： There are inhibitory effects in two kinds of primary extracts on experimental strains. The MIC of ethanol extracts were lower than that of ultrasonic extracts.Antibacterial curve demonstrated that the ethanol extracts of Opuntic monacantha had antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus within 9 hours of growth. Conclusion： Two kinds of extracts of Opuntic monacantha in Dali were able to inhibit the growth of experimental strains including gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and fungi; antimicrobial effects of ethanol extracts were better than those of ultrasonic extracts. This study could provide a theoretic basis for further research on and application of the extracts of Opuntia monacantha.