揭开“马克思之谜”的一把钥匙——也谈“重新建立个人所有制”

在小私有制条件下，生产资料所有权、产品所有权及劳动力使用权这三种权力归属于个人；在资本主义私有制条件下，这“三权”归属于资本家；而在未来的共产主义公有制条件下，这“三权”将归属于联合的个人。这才是马克思“重建个人所有制”的真实内涵。但我国目前还处在社会主义初级阶段，这“三权”在国有企业里不应该是统一的，而应是分离的，即生产资料所有权应归国家，产品所有权及劳动力使用权应归企业。这应是国有企业改革的基本方向，也应是建立现代企业制度的基本前提。

A Key to

According to the methodology of Marx's study, on the condition of the small private ownership, the three rights, that is property right of productive material, the right of the product and the right of laborforce, belong to the individual. But under the condition of the capitalist private ownership, the above “three rights” belong to the capitalist. However, in the future under the condition of communist public ownership, the “three rights” will belong to the united individuals. This is the real meaning of Marx's rebuilding “the personal ownership”. But now our country is still in the initial stage of socialism, so the “three rights” should not be unified in the state-owned enterprices, but be separated, i.e., the property of the productive material should be owned by the state, and the property of the product and the right of using the laborforce should be owned by the eaterprices. This should be the basic orientation of the reform of state-owned enterprices, and should also be a basic premise of the establishment of a modern enterprise system.