对清代多民族统一局面的及时总结

嘉道年间著名学者龚自珍、魏源、何秋涛，发扬经世致用的优良学风，长期致力于研究边疆民族问题，对清代实现多民族统一局面进行及时的总结。他们的出色贡献是,强调清代在康雍乾以后，“中外一家，与前史迥异”，应当大力加强中央与边疆的关系；论述国家统一带来边疆地区老死不知兵革，民户休息更始的新局面，谴责违反民族和好的错误论调和破坏行为；高度评价土尔扈特部历经一百多年曲折，最后回归祖国是“自生民以来未有之盛举”，赞颂中华民族统一的巨大向心力。

A Summary of the Situation of the Multi-national Unification in the Qing Dynasty

Gong Zizhen , Wei Yuan and He Qiutao were famous scholars during the reigns of Emperors Jiaqing and Daoguang. They had been researching the issues of frontier and nation for a long time, so they summarized the situation of the multi-national unification in the Qing dynasty. Their significant contributions are as follows. They emphasized that after the reigns of Emperors Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong, the Qing Emperor should take efforts to strengthen the relationship between the central and frontier areas. On the one hand, they discussed the peaceful situation in the frontier area due to the national unification. On the other hand, they sharply criticized any argument and action against the unification. They also highly valued the return of the nomadic tribe to the nation after hundreds of years of hardship as the grand occasion since the creation of mankind, and glorified the great attachment to the nation due to the national unification.