中国兜被兰属植物的花粉形态及其分类意义

 兜被兰属Neottianthe全世界共约12种，中国均有分布，其中9种为我国所特有。本属花粉形态 和组成都很特殊，它是由许多单粒花粉粘结在一起形成复合花粉——花粉小块，其形状一般为狭长的三 棱锥体形。外壁表面具5种纹饰类型:(A)近光滑，或具十分微弱的小凹陷；(B)外壁具穿孔状纹饰； (c)外壁具沟渠状纹饰；(D)外壁具拟网状纹饰；(E)具典型的网状纹饰。奉属有些种类，例如:N．cal- cicola，N．monophylla，N．pseudo-diphylax和N．cucullata等4种在分类上还存在许多问题，有些分类 学家把N.calcicola，N.monophylla，N.pseudo-diphylax 3种均归并于N．cucullata。孢粉学资料表 明上述4个种花粉特征完全不同，因此，上述4种仍应各自独立为种。最后，强调指出N．camptoceras的花粉形状和外壁纹饰等特征在本属为特殊类型。

Pollen Morphology of Neottianthe (Orchidaceae) and Its Taxonomic Significance

 The genus Neottianthe (Orchidaceae) consists of about 12 species in the world,  of which all are found in China and nine are endemic to China. The pollen morphology of this  genus is very specific in shape and composition.  All pollen grains in Neottianthe are of a  compound pollen grain, called massula, in which of many monad pollen grains adhere togeth-  er. A massula is usually long and narrow trigonous cone in shape. Pollen grains can be divid-  ed into five types according to ornamentation, of exine surface: (A) pollen surface almost  smooth, or very obscurely fossete, (B)perforate, (C) fossulate or foveolate, (D) reticuloid,  and (E)typically reticulate. Neottianthe. calcicola, N. monophylla, N.pseudo-diphylax  and N. cucullata have been merged into one species, N. cucullata, by some taxonomists.  This treatment is not supported by the pollen morphological data, because pollen morphologi- cal characteristics of above-mentioned four species are different from each other. Therefore,  pollen morphology shows that they are all independent at the specific level. Finally, it must  be stressed that N. camptoceras is uniquite in the genus Neottianthe for its pollen shape,size and surface ornamentation of pollen exine.