干巷：明清以来江南一个移民市镇的社会关系网络

明清时期江南市镇普遍兴起。"地以人兴"的金山四巨镇之一的干巷镇具有特殊的发展条件,吸引着不同身份的人前来或隐居或经商。根据朱栋撰《干巷志》统计至少有43个姓氏杂居一起,他们通过建立起"婚姻圈"、"文化圈"和社会上层与下层之间的"互惠圈",编织了一个复杂而稳固的社会关系网络,对稳定和团结社会力量起了一定作用。但是,在以传统儒学为主流,"四民观念"、"等级尊卑"思想影响下,要想进入这一网络是相当艰难的,特别是对"四民"之末的社会新生力量--商人来说,更是要付出沉重的代价。

Gan Xiang:Social Relations Network in a Town of Emigrants in South China Since Ming and Qing Dynasties

South China's commodity economy developed briskly in the Ming-Qing periods. Towns were emerging everywhere. Ganxiang town, which was one of the four big towns of Jinshan county, was rising prosperously because it had special conditions for development. The town was attracting various people with different status towards it, who either lived as hermits or did business there. According to the statistical figure in Ganxiang Local History compiled by Zhu Dong, There were at least different kinds of people with 43 surnames who lived there together. They made up a network of complex and stable human relations in society by building up marriage circles, cultural circles and mutually beneficial circles between the upper social class and the lower social class. This network played an active role in stabilizing and uniting social forces to a certain degree. But it was very difficult to join the network in the feudal society where the traditional Confucianism prevailed as the main ideological trend and where people were rigidly stratified. Those businessmen who were occupying a low social position and who were the new and rising force in society found it even more difficult to enter the network and had to pay a heavy price.