高等职业教育产教融合政策的实践样态与优化逻辑

基于对1985年至2019年政策文本的分析,可将我国高职产教融合政策实践样态演进历程划分为以校办企业与校企联合办学为纽带的初步探索期、以工学结合为抓手的人才培养模式变革调整期、以各类项目为依托的产教融合全方位深化期、以各层次产教融合政策为基石的政策体系建设期。对德国、澳大利亚、英国等国家横向比较可以发现,国外产教融合政策实践的成功经验可以为我国产教融合政策的完善提供有益启示。为消解我国高职产教融合政策在实践过程中存在的政策时效性欠佳、针对性不高、政策体系不完善等困境,在政策制定环节,应多方借鉴,科学制定;在政策执行环节,应高效执行,全面贯彻;在政策评估环节,应定期监测,有效评估;在政策修订环节,应及时反馈,适时修订。

The Practical Pattern and Optimization Logic of Industry-education Integration Policy of Higher Vocational Education

Based on the analysis of the policy text from 1985 to 2019,the evolution of China’s higher vocational education-industry integration policy in the time dimension can be divided into:the initial exploration period,the period of reform and adjustment of the talent training model based on the combination of work and learning,the comprehensive deepening period of industry-education integration based on various projects,and the production and education at all levels,the integration policy is the cornerstone of the policy system construction period.Through horizontal international comparisons,we can find that the successful experience of relevant foreign policies can provide useful inspiration for the improvement of China’s education-integration policy and policy transplantation.In order to eliminate the dilemma of poor policy timeliness,low pertinence,and imperfect policy system in the practice process of China’s higher vocational education-integration policy,in the process of policy formulation,it should be used for reference and scientifically formulated;in the policy implementation link,it should be efficiently implemented and fully implemented;in the policy evaluation link,it should be regularly monitored and effectively evaluated;in the policy revision link,timely feedback should be made and revised in due course.