中国高校的创业导向、环境因素与创业绩效

为探究中国创业型大学的现状,探索更有效的大学“知识与技术溢出”途径,本文对我国高校院系的创业导向及其环境影响因素和创业绩效进行了实证研究。通过对343份样本数据的实证分析发现：(1)中国高校院系的创业导向受到学科、国家资助情况、技术转移人员和机构支持环境因素的显著影响,而经济区域和大学声誉无显著影响;(2)高校的创业导向将显著激发师生参加创业活动,主要体现为专利发明、衍生企业创办、产业合作、毕业生创业和博士生校外择业方面的创业绩效。研究结果在丰富创业型大学研究和产学研合作研究的同时,也提出了相应的政策建议,对我国构建创业型大学提供了有价值的启示。

The Entrepreneurial Orientation, Environmental Factors and Entrepreneurial Performance of Chinese Universities

In order to identify the current situation of entrepreneurship in Chinese universities and explore the way of "knowledge and technology spillovers" from universities, this paper investigates the entrepreneurial orientation of 130 colleges and universities in China and its influencing factors and entrepreneurial performance. The results show that : (1) the disciplines, national funding and the support of technology transfer faculties and institution mainly influence the entrepreneurial orientation of Chinese universities, while regions and reputation of universities shows non-significant effects; (2) the entrepreneurial orientation of Chinese universities will stimulate teachers and students to participate in entrepreneurial activities, mainly embodied in patents, spin-offs, industrial cooperation, graduate entrepreneurship and doctoral students choosing an outside career. The research results enriched entrepreneurial university research and university-industry collaboration research, at the same time put forward the corresponding policy suggestions to the construction of entrepreneurial universities.