《白鹿原》与《吕氏乡约》

《吕氏乡约》是北宋时期由吕大均制定并由吕氏兄弟在蓝田推演的中国第一部成文的乡村民约。它体现着乡土中国,士绅阶层以＂知识—权力＂结构模式而实行的民间自治思想,凝结着儒教文化礼乐刑罚并重的集体无意识。陈忠实发现并对它进行了创造性转化,使其成为《白鹿原》中呈示民族文化心理结构的重要具象,因此,剖析《吕氏乡约》在小说中或显或隐的结构便是研究近现代乡土中国的典型标本之一,由此不仅能够解开民族秘史的诸多重要症结,而且也能够了解儒教文化遭遇现代化的种种困境。

Bai Lu Yuan and Lv Shi Xiang Yue

As the first written rural pact in China drafted by Lv Dajun and popularized by the Lv brothers in Lantian during the Northern Song Dynasty,Lv Shi Xiang Yue embodies the idea of non-governmental autonomy implemented by the gentry class in China＇s rural areas in the framework of ＂knowledge and power＂,and highlights the collective non-consciousness typical of Confucianism.Aware of this phenomenon,Chen Zhongshi has transformed it innovatively and has converted it into an important image indicative of the national cultural and mental structure in Bai Lu Yuan.As such,an analysis of the overt or the covert structure of Lv Shi Xiang Yue in the novel is one of the representative samples of studying modern rural areas in China,which can be conducive to resolving numerous key puzzles in the national history and to realizing various predicament of Confucianist culture in its encounter with modernization.