意定监护与信托协同应用的法律研究

老龄化与少子化的叠加出现，监护权缺失的高龄孤寡、失能失智等困境老人的增多，需要政府和社会机构组织的支持和帮助。借鉴美国的特殊需要信托，日本的意定监护契约，以及我国台湾地区的安养信托等监护模式，结合我国国情，提出建立失能失智老人的政府强制信托和孤寡失独老人的意定监护信托。政府履行监护职责，社会承担监护责任，加强人身照护和财产信托管理，提升社会养老供给能力，推进我国老年事业发展。

Legal research on the collaborative application of voluntary guardianship and trust

With the coming of an aging society and the emergence of fewer children, the number of empty-nesters in cities and towns, the left-behind elderly in rural areas, and the disabled and mentally disabled older adults is increasing. They need support and help from the government and social organizations. Drawing on the supplemental needs trust in the United States, the voluntary guardianship contract in Japan, and the hospice trust in Taiwan, considering China’s national conditions, it is proposed to establish a government compulsory trust for the disabled and mentally disabled elderly and a voluntary guardianship trust for the widowed and childless elderly. The government performs the duty of guardianship, and the society assumes the responsibility of care-taking. Efforts have to be made to strengthen personal care and property trust management for the elderly in trouble who lack guardianship, improve the supply capacity of social provision for older adults and promote the development of China’s old-age care.