从《红楼梦》看曹雪芹的诗论观

曹雪芹在《红楼梦》中借小说人物之口发表他的诗论观。他主张作诗要词句新奇．可以突破格律的限制,要注意体裁。学诗要由唐入手,再进入魏晋;由近体诗入手,再进入古体诗。他在“意”与“辞”的关系上重“意”轻“辞”,主张诗的立意要新,提出了“意趣”这一诗歌审美概念。

Cao Xueqin's Views on Verse Embodied in a Dream of Red Mansions

In A Dream of Red Mansions, Cao Xueqin expresses his views on verse through his characters' dialogues. He holds that in versification diversity of styles cannot be neglected, however if expressions and diction are novel, one can be freed from the restriction of the rules and forms of classical poetry. To learn poems, one should first learn poems of the Tang Dynasty and then poems of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, or first learn jintishi, "modern style" poetry, referring to innovations in classical poetry during the Tang Dynasty, marked by strict tonal patterns and rhyme schemes, and then gutishi, a form of pre-Tang poetry, usually having five or seven characters to each line, without strict tonal patterns or rhyme schemes. As for "idea" and "diction", he holds that the former is more important than the latter, and in addition a poem must show new approach. Thus he puts forward "interest and charm"as an aesthetic concept in poetic composition.