开放战略演化下的商业生态系统:基于腾讯的案例研究

本文以商业生态系统理论、开放式创新理论以及价值来源模型为基础,以腾讯科技有限公司为案例代表,阐释开放战略演化过程中,商业生态系统的商业模式产生了怎样的变化。研究发现：(1)企业在较为封闭的状态下,虽然通过垄断机制与并购机制形成市场份额上的优势,但却极大得阻碍了产业创新、破坏了产业生态链(2)在众创空间介入开放战略前,企业已经开始了以线上为主的孵化机制探索,线上的主体多为二元且相互关系多为单向性,再加之物理位置的缺失、单一的合作关系,导致了商业模式中的效率的单方面增强,互补性、锁定性与新颖性都较低；(3)众创空间介入后,企业开放度得到扩展,核心企业通过提供线下物理空间的拓展实现资源开放与信息透明化、创造了高效的信息交流渠道、促进多样化合作伙伴关系等,使得整个生态系统呈现多元主体、环绕式、合作关系多样化的稳定结构,使得商业模式中的四个维度都得到了提高。

Wei Wu1,Xie Jimei 2(1. Economics and Mangement School of Wuhan University;

Based on the theory of commercial ecosystem, open innovation theory and value source model, this paper takes Tencent Technology Co., Ltd. as a case representative to explain how the business model of the business ecosystem has changed during the evolution of the open strategy. The study found that: (1) In a relatively closed state, although the market share advantage is formed through the monopoly mechanism and the M A mechanism, it has greatly hindered the industrial innovation and destroyed the industrial ecological chain. Before intervening in the open strategy, enterprises have begun to explore the online-based incubation mechanism. The online subjects are mostly binary and the mutual relationship is mostly unidirectional. Coupled with the lack of physical location and single cooperation, The unilateral enhancement of efficiency in business model, complementarity, lock-in and novelty are low; (3) After the creation of space, the openness of the enterprise is expanded, and the core enterprise realizes the opening of resources by providing the expansion of offline physical space. With the transparency of information, the creation of efficient channels for information exchange, and the promotion of diversified partnerships, the entire ecosystem presents a stable structure of diverse subjects, wraparound, and cooperative relationships, enabling the four dimensions of the business model to be Improved