灌输式教学及其批判

灌输式教学重视客观、普遍的知识的传授,教师在灌输式教学中处于中心地位,学生被看作"知识容器";灌输式教学过程强调教师对学生的控制,强调知识对学生的控制,其过程呈现封闭的特点,其教学远离生活世界,其基本方法是机械性灌输。在交往理论看来,知识与人的关系是一种对话关系,教学应引导学生在与知识对话中寻求人生的意义,师生之间的关系是一种相互认同和相互尊重的主体间关系,教学过程是一个解放的过程,其间充满了复杂性。教学应回归学生的生活世界,教学方法应该贯彻对话精神。

On the indoctrinating teaching and its criticism

Indoctrinating teaching attaches importance to imparting the objective and universal knowledge.Teachers are in centre station in the indoctrinating teaching;students are seen as vessels which contain knowledge.The process of indoctrinating teaching stresses on the control which teachers have over students and knowledge has over students.Its process is close;its teaching keeps away from the life world;its basic method is mechanical.According to the dialogic theory,the relation between the knowledge and the human being is a dialogic relation;the teaching should lead students to find the life meaning in the dialogue between the knowledge and the human being;the relation between teachers andstudents is a subjective relation that they identify and respect reciprocally;the process is an emancipatory process and is full of complexity;teaching should come back to the life world;teaching methods should insist on the dialogic idea.