延迟退休年龄对就业及劳动力市场的影响

我国人口老龄化加剧、人口预期寿命延长和退休年龄政策老化,使延迟退休年龄具有很强的合理性,相关政策的改革又一次被推到风口浪尖,延迟退休年龄随之进入议程。延迟退休年龄对就业及劳动力市场会产生巨大影响,但存在两大争议:一种观点认为延迟退休年龄在劳动力市场会产生挤出效应,挤压待业劳动者就业,加重就业问题;另一种观点认为延迟退休年龄不会对就业及劳动力市场造成负面影响,不会加剧就业问题。延迟退休年龄在就业及劳动力市场方面的短期和长期影响,是判断其是否具有可行性的重要依据;延退对劳动力市场会产生直接或间接正负两方面影响。

Influence on Employment and Labor Market by Delaying Retirement Age

With the advent of aging population, the extension of life expectancy and the obsolescence of retirement age policy, delaying retirement age has a strong rationality in China. Reform of retirement age poUcy was again pushed in the teeth of the storm, delaying retirement age has entered the agenda. Influence on employment and labor market by delaying retirement age has two hot controversies： one is that delaying retirement age will have a crowding out effect in the labor market, squeeze unemployed laborer jobs and aggravate employment problem; the other is that it will not cause negative effects on employment and the labor market and does not exacerbate the problem of employment. Short-term and long-term effects on employment and labor market by delaying retirement age is an important basis of assessing whether it has feasibility.