个体检索知识获取过程及策略

随着网络技术的飞速发展，信息检索已成为一种自然的学习行为和解决问题的方式。网络信息检索能力的强弱将会影响个体利用网络的效率和知识获取的效果，因此已成为信息化时代个体应具备的一项基本素质和能力。但是现实中，大多数人的网络信息检索能力还较差，缺乏有效的检索策略，且容易产生心理上的焦虑和疲劳。个体网络信息检索能力受个体心理特征、已有知识与经验、任务特征及选用的网络系统本身等因素影响。在网络信息检索过程中，个体可以采用合作策略、学习或观摩策略、支架策略、检索反思策略和焦虑弱化策略，将要解决的问题或任务通过“社会化——外显化——组合化——内隐化”的过程，完成信息检索，实现知识的增长。

Knowledge Acquisition Process and Strategies for Individual Network Information Retrieval

With the rapid development of information technology, information retrieval has become a natural way of learning behaviors and problem-solving. The capability of individual network information retrieval will definitely aftect the efficiency of an individual using the network and gaining access to knowledge. Therefore, in the information age, the capability has become a basic quality that people should have. But in reality, most people have the poor capabilities of network information retrieval and also lack effective search strategies, which gives rise to psychological anxiety and fatigue. The capabilities of individual network information retrieval are influenced by some factors, such as their psychological characteristics, existing knowledge and experience, task characteristics and optional network system. During network information retrieval process, the individual can adopt cooperative strategy, learning or observing strategy, supporting strategy, retrieval reflection strategy and anxiety weakening strategies, to solve the problem or task by socialized - explicit - integrated - implicit process, and to reach the goal of knowledge growth.