学习科学研究之发展综述

学习科学是在反思认知科学等学科关于学习的研究方法和观点的基础上新近兴起的一门科学,它借鉴建构主义、认知科学、信息技术、社会文化研究和关于知识工作等相关领域的研究成果,汇集和整合关于脑的研究和内隐学习、非正式学习、正式学习等已有对于学习的研究,采用多种现场研究的方法,对不同情境脉络中的学习发生机制进行分析和探索,提出的若干关于学习的新观点,并通过创新性项目的实践和基于设计的研究,创设新型学习环境,革新学习实践。本文就学习科学兴起的背景、基础、发展历程、主要观点、主要研究方法、国际学术界动向等方面进行了梳理、分析和概括,以期给予国内学者的了解和把握。

A Review of Research in Learning Sciences

The paper retrospects,analyzes and summarizes the background,foundations,development,main ide- as,methodologies and international trends of learning sciences.As a burgeoning research area,learning sciences reflect on methodologies and ideas in research on leaning in cognitive science,absorb findings in constructivism, cognitive science,information technology,sociocultural studies and knowledge work,integrate results of research on implicit learning and the brain,informal learning and formal learning,adopt many methodologies especially for field research,make research on mechanisms of learning in various contexts and thus bring to the world many new ideas on learning.Also,learning sciences make efforts in designing new learning environments to transform leaning through innovative program and design-based research on the basis of the new ideas.