注释中国古典文献的日本汉籍抄物——以日本内阁文库藏天文五年写本"三体詩幻雲抄"为例

日本室町时代的汉籍抄物不仅是具有历史价值的日语语言资料,同时也是中国古典文献的日本注释资料。其中囊括众多日本学者"三体诗"注释学说的"三体詩幻雲抄"是现存"三体诗"抄物中首屈一指的精品。该抄物中卷首绝句《華清宮》的注释可以作为研究该类问题的个案。经与原注比较,可以得出:该抄物注释内容广泛,尤其侧重对于诗句或诗文的意义以及事或物的注释;注释对象涵盖原典中全部要点,着重注释原文并同时关注原注;注释时大量引用其他中国文献,其中包括以唐人诗文居多的单篇类和以宋人撰著居多的著作类。因此,该抄物具有与原注不同的注释角度与方式,能够为学界更深入细致、更多角度地诠释"三体诗"提供了有益的参考。

Annotated Japanese Copy Materials of Classical Chinese Documents A Case Study of Santaishigenunsyou

The copy materials of the classical Chinese documents done in the Muromachi Period are not merely Japanese language data that have historical value,but also annotated Japanese materials on classical Chinese documents. Among these,the Santaishigenunsyou,which contains numerous annotated theories of "poems of three styles" ,is the masterpiece of all. Here the notes in the juéjù (i.e.,a poem of four lines,each containing five or seven characters with a strict tonal pattern and rhyme scheme) named Hua Qing Gong can be taken as a case. Actually,a comparison of it with the original suggests three points. First,the notes cover a wide range,including the composer,the Chinese characters,the words used,the lines or verses,the things or objects narrated,the relevant places mentioned,the allographes or misspelling,and the ways of composition and the norms; of these,the meaning interpretation of the poetic lines and verses,and the narrated things or objects occupy a better part. Second,the annotated text includes all the items the original has,and further effort is given to the original text and notes in the annotations. Third,the annotations cite many other Chinese classics. Therefore,the annotation is different from the original,and could hence provide reference to elaborative and multi-angled interpretations.