2-5岁超常儿童的计数及其策略研究

本研究选取2-5岁超常儿童46名、普通儿童54名,通过实验考察了早期超常儿童的计数及其策略。结果显示:(1)超常儿童更早掌握“一一对应”的计数原则;(2)4岁前,超常儿童相对同龄普通儿童能掌握更大范围的基数;特别是3-4岁超常儿童,基本已经掌握了20以内的基数概念,显著优于同年龄普通儿童;(3)2-5岁超常儿童普遍具有比同年龄普通儿童更好的计数策略;(4)4-5岁超常儿童相对同龄普通儿童和3-4岁超常儿童,能够更有效地运用计数策略完成“随机性”计数任务。

A Study on Counting and Its Strategies in Gifted Children of 2-5 Years Old

46 gifted children and 54 normal children of 2-5 years old are selected to explore gifted children's counting and its strategies of early childhood through experimentation.The results show that(1) Gifted children grasp oneto-one principle of counting earlier than normal children;(2) Gifted children before 4 years old can grasp larger scale of cardinal numbers than normal children of the same age;gifted children of 3-4 years old in particular,basically grasp cardinal numbers from 1 to 20,which is significantly superior to those normal children of the same age;(3) In general,gifted children of 2-5 years old have better counting strategies than normal children of the same age;(4) Gifted children of 4-5 years old can apply counting strategies to accomplish random counting tasks more efficiently than normal children of the same age and gifted children of 3-4 years old.