任务复杂程度对结果反馈时间点的影响

采用单维简单和两维复杂电脑追踪任务,探讨任务复杂程度对结果反馈(KR)时间点适宜值的影响.100名右利手的在校大学生随机分为:简单任务和复杂任务组(每组男女各25名).两组受试者分别在即刻反馈、延迟2 s反馈、4 s反馈、7 s反馈、9 s反馈条件下,练习简单或复杂任务3 d,每天练习30次.第3天练习结束后休息10 min,2组受试者进行无KR保持测试.一天后,再进行无KR的保持测试.结果显示:1)延迟KR利于简单任务的技能学习,即刻KR利于复杂任务的技能学习;2)任务复杂程度与KR时间点适宜值存在相互作用,与简单任务相比,操作复杂任务时,提供KR的适宜时机有提前的趋势.以上结果还提示:当信息加工负荷较小(操作任务较简单)时,应延迟提供KR,以促进自身觉察错误能力的形成.而当信息加工负荷较大(操作任务较复杂)时,则应提供即刻KR.

Research on Effects of Task Complexity on the Temporal Locus of Knowledge of Results

Adopted the single-dimension and two-dimension complicated computer, this study conducted the task complexity and explored the effects of the task complexity on the temporal locus of knowledge of results. 100 college students who pre- fer to use right hand were divided into two groups by random: simple task group and complex task group (each group was gender-balanced designed). During two days of acquisition, two groups performed the tracking task with feedback provided under the following conditions: (a) immediate KR, (b) 2s KR-delay, (c) 4s KR-delay, (d) 7s KR-delay, (e) 9s KR- delay. Retention tests of tracking accuracy in absence of KR were administered 10 min and 24 hours following acquisition. And the results showed that: 1) the effect of delayed KR on motor learning is dependent on the task complexity; 2) there is interaction between the task complexity and the optimum of KR-delay interval. When the subjects operate the complex task, the optimum of KR-delay interval tends to bring forward. Furthermore, the results indicated that providing immediate KR could enhance the development of subjective error-detection capabilities when the processing load is heavy (i.e. oper- ating the more complex task).