基于共词分析方法的“能量流动”国内外研究述评

本文以CNKI和Science Direct为数据源,运用共词分析方法,同时结合多维尺度分析和战略坐标分析方法,对国内外"能量流动"的相关文献进行统计分析。结果显示,国内"能量流动"的研究核心是运用物质流和能值的方法探讨生态系统的可持续发展问题,围绕核心,延伸出生物链/网体系、微生物分解、生态群落结构以及新能源这4个研究方向,其中研究最成熟的方向是生物链/网体系中的能量流动,通过定量分析提高对生物量和生产力的认知。国外"能量流动"的研究核心由"消耗"、"节约"和"评价指标"组成,围绕核心形成了模型分析、气候变化、生命周期评价、能量测度指标和中国这五个研究方向,其中研究最成熟的方向是生命周期评价,探讨了众多可再生能源和碳排放问题;模型分析的方向对经济发展尤其是工业的环境影响进行了能量流动视角的测度,研究也比较成熟。综合看,国内从生态维度探讨能量流动的研究居多,国外从经济维度和社会维度探讨能量流动的研究比较丰富,在未来的研究中,需要加强气候变化、能量测度指标这两个方向,国内学者尤其要更多地引入能量流动的视角来研究中国的经济系统和工业系统及其相互作用过程的能量消耗规律。

A Review of Energy Flow Based on Co-Word Analysis

Literature related to energy flow in the CNKI and Science Direct databases was adopted as our data source. Using co-word analysis,multi-dimensional scaling analysis and strategic coordinate analysis we analyzed the internal structure of every field of energy flow research and the interaction between various areas. Results show that the study of energy flow in China can be divided into four categories,taking sustainable development of ecosystems as the research core in which material flow and energy value methods are widely used. The most mature research category is focused on the energy flow among food chains or food net systems to better understand biomass and productivity using quantitative analysis. The other three categories are microbial decomposition,ecological community structure and new energy. The study of energy flow research outside China can be divided into five categories with a clear research core composed of energy consumption,energy conservation and energy indicators. The most mature research category is life cycle assessment exploring renewable energy and carbon emissions. The second most mature category is the environmental impact of economic development,especially the industry and manufacturing sectors focused on model analysis. The other three categories are the direction of climate change,energy measurement indicators and China. Comparing research between China and other nations,it is clear that Chinese research on energy flow is mainly focused on ecological dimension,and international research explores energy flow on economic and social dimensions. In the future,the categories of climate change,energy measurement indicators and China should be strengthened,and more attention should be paid to the study of China's economic and industrial systems from an energy flow perspective.