无尾两栖类亲缘识别研究现状

无尾两栖类已经成为研究亲缘识别机制的模式脊椎动物。无尾两栖类幼体亲缘识别不仅依赖于所处的生态和社会环境以及遗传背景，同时也会随着发育历期改变而变化。无尾两栖类幼体与亲缘个体一起生活，可以加速幼体生长发育，也可能抑制生长发育，这取决于亲缘个体问互助行为所产生利益和竞争代价之间的权衡，同时还受实验条件、亲缘识别能力和生活史策略的影响。无尾两栖类幼体亲缘识别能力还可以延续到成体。同时，无尾两栖类幼体在实验室条件下亲缘识别失败，并不一定代表其缺乏亲缘识别能力，而在实验室条件下识别成功也可能只是其他识别过程出现的附带结果。所以，我们还需要开展大量的野外实验研究，才能全面理解亲缘识别机制和进化意义。

The Present Research Situation of the Kin Recognition of Anuran Amphibians

Anuran amphibians have been regarded as model vertebrates for the study of kin recognition mechanisms.The development of kin recognition is influenced by the ecological environment,social factors and genetic background,and the kin recognition ability of larvae will shift during ontogeny.Tadpoles rearing with relative groups may accelerate larval growth,or may inhibit the larval growth sometimes,which depends on the trade-off between benefits of altruistic behavior and costs of competition.The kin recognition ability can be extended to adult.Meanwhile,it will be influenced by experiment conditions,the ability of kin recognition and life history strategy.Moreover,the failure of kin recognition in the laboratory does not mean that they are not capable of recognizing kin,and kin discrimination in anurans might occur as an epiphenomenon.We need a large number of field experiments about kin recognition of anuran amphibians,in order to understand the mechanisms and evolutionary significance of kin recognition in an all-round way.