美国对华经贸战略与政策的新变化

金融危机后，为降低失业率，使经济走出衰退，奥巴马政府放弃布什政府的单边主义零和博弈贸易战略，积极实施务实的对华合作外交战略。但其维持全球领导地位的霸权战略没有变，所以，对华防范与遏制心理反映在贸易战略中，针对贸易争端．以摩擦、施压和制裁为主题，具体战略包括：贸易问题政治化、公平贸易“责任论”和贸易摩擦焦点转移战略。在对华贸易战略决定下的出口导向贸易政策主要有三方面：为促进其出口，进一步督促中国开放市场。鼓励中国作为一个负责任的大国融入基于规则的国际贸易体系：借“公平贸易”理念,贸易保护手段更“合理”；监督中国履行入世承诺。

New Changes of U.S. Economic and Ttrade Strategies and Policies toward China

Abstract： After the financial crisis, the Obama administration abandoned the Bush administration＇s unilateralism zero-sum game trading strategy and actively implemented diplomatic strategy of pragmatic cooperation with China in order to reduce unemployment and get the economy out of recession. However, the strategy of maintaining the hegemony of global leadership had not changed, so the psychological prevention and containment of China reflecting in the trade strategy toward trade disputes,taking the friction, pressure and sanctions as the theme, the specific strategies include： the politieization of trade issues, ＂responsibility＇＂ talk of fair trade and shifting the focus strategy of the trade friction. Export-oriented trade policy which is decided by trade strategy with China mainly conclude three aspects：urge China to further open their markets and encourage China as a responsible big country integrating into the rules-based international trading system in order to promote American exports; make trade defense instruments more ＂reasonable＂ through ＂fair trade＂ concept; oversight China to fulfill its WTO commitments.