民初民营铁路政策调整述论

民国初年，各省创办于晚清的民营铁路陆续被中央政府收归国有。这标志着自收回利权运动开始后，民间大规模参与铁路建设的实践宣告终结。民营铁路自身的困境，政府对铁路整体布局的要求以及民国政要对铁路国有政策的大力倡导和亲身实践，都是民初铁路国有政策成功的原因。但也留下了一丝隐患。实际上，国有和民有铁路各有所长，将二者结合起来才是中国铁路发展的出路。

The Survey of Private Railway Policy in the Early Years of the Republic of China

In the first years of the Republic of China,the commercially operated railways in each province were reclaimed by the central government.This means after the Recovery Rights Movement the practice of the large-scale private participation in the construction of railway was ended.The dilemma of commercially railways,the request of the government for the layout of the railway and the official's advocacy and practice of the railways' state-owned policy were all the reason for the success of railways' state-owned...