基于垂直协作视角的农户清洁生产关键点研究

本文以山东、江苏、福建、江西、四川五省的648个养猪户为样本，运用结构方程模型，对不同垂直协作下，农户的清洁生产关键点及其对农户绩效的影响进行比较分析。结果表明：①在不同的垂直协作下，农户的过程控制和末端治理行为之间均交互影响；②在市场交易下，农户清洁生产关键点有3个：疾病防疫、粪便及病死猪处理、饲料及添加剂的购买和使用；在参与生产合同、合作社下，农户清洁生产有2个关键点：疾病防疫、粪便及病死猪处理；③在两种情况下，疾病防疫环节的清洁生产行为均与农户利润呈正相关；粪便及病死猪处理环节的清洁生产行为均与利润呈负相关；饲料及添加剂的购买和使用在市场交易下与农户利润呈负相关，但是在生产合同、合作社下与农户利润呈正相关。这一结论对于厘清农户清洁生产的关键防控点，有针对性的对农户生产环节进行管控和优化，有一定的理论价值和现实指导意义。

Critical Clean Production Behavior of Pig Farmers Based on Vertical Coordination Angle

According to data from 648 pig breeders in Shandong,Jiangsu,Fujian,Jiangxi and Sichuan provinces,we compared agricultural clean production critical behavior and its effect on farm profit between two different vertical coordination relationships. The relationship among source prevention,process control and end treatment behaviors were analyzed using the Structural Equation Model. We found that process control and end treatment behaviors influence each other in the different vertical coordination relationships. Clean production behaviors transmit to each other among the up and down sectors of agricultural supply chain. In the Spot market,there are three critical clean production behaviors: disease prevention,the treatment of waste and dead pigs,and the use of feed and feed additive. In the Production contract and Cooperatives,there are two critical clean production behaviors: disease prevention and the treatment of waste and dead pigs. In the two cases,the clean production behavior of disease prevention has a positive effect on farm profit and the end treatment behavior had the opposite effect. The use of feed and feed additive is negatively correlated with famer profit in the Spot market and it has a positive correlation in the Production contract and Cooperatives. This study clarifies the critical points of clean production and benefits the control and optimization of the production link. These data will benefit organizational evolution and the agricultural supply chain based on environmental protection and food safety,and promote the sustainability of China's agricultural economy.