疑问句在现代汉语寒暄中的功能特征

语言是交际的工具,语言交际从功能上可分为传知性交际和寒暄性交际。留学生学习汉语的一个基本且重要的组成部分就是学会怎样用汉语寒暄。寒暄语主要功能是传递感情信息,调节沟通气氛,建立、保持或终止社会交际等。疑问句在现代汉语寒暄中使用频度最高,话题具有开放性,其功能已由＂提问和求答＂转化为以寒暄为主,疑问式寒暄可分规约性疑问式寒暄和非规约性疑问式寒暄,前者结构固定、意义固定、功能固定,只表达单一的寒暄功能,并呈现出语用化倾向;后者在表达寒暄功能的同时兼表传知功能,呈现出复合多样性。

Functional Features of Interrogative Sentences in Modern Chinese Phatic Communication

Language is a tool of communication,functionally,either informative or phatic.One purpose of Chinese-learning foreign students is the correct use of Chinese phatic communication whose major functions are the conveying of feelings and information,the establishment,maintenance or termination of some social relations.Interrogative sentences in modern Chinese phatic communication are frequently used for various purposes,and divided into regular and irregular models： the former has a fixed structure and meaning with a single pragmatic function of phatic communication,but the latter has multi-functions which can transmit information and greetings.