语用失误性质初探

语用失误是在语言运用·中因文化传统、风俗习惯、价值观念等的不同而产生的失误。在跨文化交际中研究这类失误对于二语学习、顺利交际和交流思想乃至商务谈判等实际操作都具有重要意义。跨文化交际中的语用失误可归结为交际失败和交际不能达到预期的效果二类。交际失败是说完全没有沟通，甚至适得其反。交际不能达到预期的效果包括失礼或非礼、说话不得体、有损对方的面子和有损社会公德四类。

On the Nature of Pragmatic Failure

Pragmatic failure is the failure in language use produced by differences of cultural traditions,customs,values,etc.In cross-cultural communication,research on this kind of failure is of great importance in the practical performance,such as making an excellent achievement in second language learning,exchanging thoughts successfully and negotiating in business.Pragmatic failures in cross-cultural communication can be concluded in communicative failure and communication without achieving the intended goal.The first kind means no mutual understanding between the interlocutors,even running counter to what they intended.The second can be classified into disrespect or impoliteness,inappropriateness,making others lose face,and violating the morals and the norms recognized in world civilization because of pragmatic failure.