世界科技中心转移的钻石模型——基于经济繁荣、思想解放、教育兴盛、政府支持、科技革命的历史分析与前瞻

近现代以来,意大利—英国—法国—德国—美国相继成为世界科学中心。经济繁荣、思想解放、教育兴盛、政府有力支持等社会因素以及科学成果涌现时机因素共同导致了世界科学中心的形成、演进与更替,五要素钻石模型可给予有效分析。科学与技术关系日益紧密,未来世界科技中心将不只一个,而是呈现出多中心并进、加速向亚太地区转移的趋势,并具有网络化、全球化等新特点。新一轮科技革命与产业变革加速演进,全球科技创新进入前所未有的密集活跃期,为我国成为世界科技中心提供了难得的"机会窗口",当务之急是解放思想,完善人才政策,营造创新友好的环境,加快世界教育中心建设,加大政府支持力度,破解发展面临的难题,抢占前沿研究与颠覆性技术创新的先机,实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,为世界和平发展和永续繁荣作出更大贡献。

Diamond Model of World Science and Technology Centers Transfer: Economic Prosperity, Ideological Emancipation, Education Prosperity, Government Support, S&T Revolution

Since modern times, Italy-England-France-Germany-the United States have become the world scientific and technological centers. Social factors, such as economic development, ideological emancipation, education prosperity, government support, as well as the emergence period of scientific and technological achievements, have led to the formation and replacement of the world science and technology center, the five-element diamond model can be used for effective analysis. The future world science and technology center may not only be one center, but also present the trend of multi-center and accelerate the transfer to the Asia-Pacific region. It has the common characteristics of science and technology center in history, and has the new characteristics of networking, globalization and so on. The world scientific and technological innovation has entered an unprecedented period of intense activity, providing a rare "window of opportunity" for China to establish world science and technology center. The urgent task is to perfect the talent policy, construct a friendly environment for innovation, speed up the establishment of the world education center, and preempting frontier research and subversive technological innovation, realize the Chinese Dream of great rejuvenation and make greater contributions to peaceful development and sustainable prosperity of the world.