创伤、疯癫和反主流叙事——《秀拉》的历史文化重构

本文以福柯、马尔库塞等人的理论为基础,将《秀拉》置于历史文化语境中,审视其复杂的后现代意蕴。《秀拉》中将黑人创伤经验,与美国"祖父条款"、"种族隔离制度"等历史事件展开直接对话;"疯癫"不仅是生物性和病理性症状,更是由众多非理性因素导致的创伤性社会建构,是主流话语强行赋予的文化标签。小说同名主人公的为所欲为则呈现了"美国存在主义者"的典型特征,与美国的反文化运动不无关系。莫里森通过宏大历史和权力结构的展示,引导弱势群体走出边缘化境地,确立文化身份和社会认同。

Trauma, Insanity and Anti-mainstream Narrative:the Historical and Cultural Reconstruction in Sula

Based on the theory of Foucauh and Marcuse, this paper puts Sula in the historical and cultural context to observe its complex post - modem significance. Sula carries on a direct dialogue between the trauma experience of Black - Americans and the historical events such as the ＂Grandfather clause＂ and the ＂system of segregation＂, etc. ; ＂insanity＂ is not simply a biological and pathological symptom, it＇ s more a traumatic so- cial construction caused by variety of unreasonable factors, it＇ s a cultural label enforced by the mainstream speech. The protagonist Sula＇ s doing as she wants demonstrates a typical feature of ＂American Existential- ism＂, which is related to the American anti - cultural movement. Through the demonstration of macro history and the structure of power, Toni Morrison guides the vulnerable groups to walk out from the condition of mar- ginalization, and establish their own cultural and social identity.