论中国对发展问题认识的演进

中国对于发展问题的认识经历过 "中体西用"发展观、资本主义发展观和社会主义发展观三个阶段.洋务运动是在"中体西用"观指导下晚清政府所主持的现代化的第一步,它引进了新的生产力和生产关系,在经济和社会的基础结构中植入了最根本的现代化因素.严复从经济、政治、文化等方面全面翻译、介绍西方现代思想,成为"西学第一人".中国人第一次意识到发展不仅是器物,即经济层面的,还应涉及政治、文化和社会的各个层面.孙中山的"三民主义"及其在政治、经济、社会、文教等方面的资产阶级民主革命实践,是社会现代化全面发展的初步尝试.新中国经历了一个大起大落又大起的发展过程,改革开放后,寻求现代化发展的中国模式之路可以有两种理解:一是根据本国国情,走与苏联经典型社会主义现代化不同的发展道路;二是根据本国国情,走与其它国家不同的现代化发展道路.其最新成果是以人为本,全面、协调、可持续发展的科学发展观.

The Evolution of China Regarding the Understandings of Development Question

China's understandings of development question experiences from "Chinese-style Westernization" development concept to capitalism development concept and socialism development concept.The westernization movement is the first step of the modernization under the guidance of the "Chinese-style Westernization" concept and is managed the late Qing Dynasty.It introduced the new productive forces and production relations,and implanted the most fundamental elements of modernization in economic and social infrastructure.Yan Fu translated comprehensively and introduced modern Western thoughts from the economic,political and cultural aspects,and become "the western learning first person" The Chinese first time realize the development not only is a utensil,namely,economical aspect,but also should involve political,cultural and society's aspects.Sun Yat-sen "the Three 's Principles of nationalism" and Bourgeois democratic revolution practice on politics,economy,society,culture and education,is the preliminary attempt of the social modernization overall development.New China has experienced the developing process which is great developments,great falls,also is great developments.After the reform and open policy,seeks the modernized development road of the Chinese pattern to be allowed to have two kinds of understanding: First,in accordance with their own national conditions,walks modernization development path different from the Soviet classicsocialism modernization path;Second,in accordance with their own national conditions and take the road of modernization and development different from foreign countries.Its latest achievement is people-oriented,comprehensive,harmonious and sustainable development of the scientific development concept.