对孙子“慎战”思想的几点认识

“慎战”思想是孙子军事理论体系的逻辑起点,其主要内容包括慎重决策和慎重谋划两部分,其宗旨是“安国全军”。围绕着战争决策,孙子提出了限制战争的三个原则,即“非利不动,非得不用,非危不战”,旨在使决策者对战争保持克制和理性,以降低战争发生的频率,其着眼点则在于维护国家利益和国家安全。如果战争成为不可避免的对抗形式,孙子主张对战争进行精心谋划,目的在于尽量减少战争可能造成的损失,力争用最小的代价赢得战争的胜利。为此,他提出了一系列战争和作战指导原则,包括全胜原则、速胜原则、因粮于敌原则、避实击虚原则等。

Knowledge of Sun Tzu's Thinking of Being Cautious in War

The thinking of being cautious in war is the logical start point of Sun Tzu's military theoretical system.The thinking mainly includes being cautious in making decision and plans.The aim of the thinking is to keep the country safe and strengthen the army.On military decision,Sun Tzu presents three principles of limiting wars,thau is,"If not in the interests of the state,do not act.If you cannot succeed,do not use troops.If you are not in danger,do not fight a war." The purpose of the three principles is to make the policy-maker remain restrained and sensible in wars so as to reduce the frequency of wars,and the focus of attention is on defending national interests and safety.If the war is inevitable,Sun Tzu states that plans should be carefully made beforehand so that the losses of the war can be reduced to the least and the war can be won with least cost.Therefore,he presents a series of military and operational rules,including rules of overall victory,quick victory,relying on the enemy for provisions and avoiding strength and striking weakness.