本土需求能倒逼企业创新能力的可持续成长吗?

现有需求驱动创新理论尽管讨论了发达国家情境下消费者偏好、市场差异、市场缝隙、需求规模和增长以及需求多样性对企业技术创新的影响,然而,对后发国家管理情境下本土需求与企业技术创新能力成长的关系缺乏深入探讨。本文从国内外市场需求差异性与本土需求空间成长性两个维度描述本土需求,并通过小容量洗衣机和大吸力吸油烟机两个白色家电行业的案例研究发现:本土需求对技术创新能力的正向影响具有时效性。国内外市场需求差异性小、本土空间成长性弱且被主流市场拒绝的本土需求对技术创新具有短期效应,国内外市场需求差异性大、本土空间成长性强且被主流市场采纳的本土需求对技术创新具有长期效应。本文的研究打破了需求单一因素的格局,扩展了传统基于某一时点得到的本土需求促进技术创新的研究,采用需求差异性与需求成长性的交互作用,构建起本土需求特征分析的四象限框架,对后发企业正确判断本土需求的价值具有理论指导和实践启示意义。

Can Local Demand Induce Technology Innovation Capability Development: a Micro Evidence Based on White Household Appliance Industry

Although the current demand driven innovation theory has comprehensively discussed the effect of the consumer preferences, market differences, market gap, demand scale and growth on the technological innovation of the enterprise under the context of the developed countries, the relationship between the local demand heterogeneity and the technological innovation ability of enterprises under the management context of the later-development countries, has lacked a profound exploration. On the basis of the diversity of demands and the growth of demands, we have, in this paper, through the study of the case of two white household appliance industry of the small capacity washing machine and the large suction range hood, discovered that the positive impact of demand heterogeneity on technological innovation capability is timeliness. The local heterogeneous demand which difference is small, space growth is weak and refused by the mainstream market has a short-term effect on the technology innovation, while the local heterogeneous demand which difference is big, space growth is strong and adopted by the mainstream has a long-term effect on the technological innovation. We have, in this study, broken the pattern of single factor of demand, extended the traditional research based on a certain point of local demand to promote technology innovation, adopted the interaction between demand specificity and demand growth to build up the four quadrant framework of local demand characteristic analysis, having the enlightenment for a theoretic guidance and the practice for the realization of the coma enterprise correctly judge the value of local demand.