赵国初期的南进战略

三家分晋，标志着战国时代的到来。赵国在建立之初的一百年间，以“南并知氏”为始，以“南筑长城”为终，始终推行着南进战略。这一战略发端于赵襄子“南并知氏，强于韩魏”的战略构想，赵国的政治中心由晋阳转移到中牟，进而定都邯郸，就是南进战略作为国策被付诸实施的标志，也体现着赵国对于中原地区战略角逐的重心所在。在赵襄子之后、赵武灵王之前的五代赵国君主勉力推行南进战略，其战略目的在于压制齐、魏，吞并卫国，曾取得“举左案齐，举右案魏”，“天下之士而朝于邯郸之君矣”这样大有战国初霸之势的辉煌战绩，也遭受到了“邯郸之难”这样建国以来最大的战争浩劫。战国初年，中原地区已然被齐、魏二国的势力完全渗透，赵国强行推进南进战略，只能陷入中原列国的战争泥潭。而秦国则趁着中原混战，改革崛起。赵国审时度势，将南进战略逐步调整为北进战略，经过胡服骑射改革开拓了千里北疆，灭亡中山国，一跃而成为战国末期唯一能够与强秦相抗衡的军事大国。

The Southing Strategy at the Beginning of Zhao State

The history event Three sub-Jin marks the Warring States era. One of the state of Zhao, during the first hundred years, beginning with Annexing Zhishi in the South, and ending with Building Great wall in the south, always implemented the Southing Strategy. Origined Zhao Xiangzi＇s Strategic conception Annexing Zhishi to Be Stronger than the Han and Wei, Zhao transferred the political center Jinyang to Zhongmu,then estabished the capital in Handan as the national policy and the Central Plains Strategy was put into practice. After Xiangzi, before the emperor ZhaoWuLingWang, five emperors of Zhao managed the implementation of the South strategy which designed to suppress Qi, Wei, and annex another Wei. Although possessing the brilliance in the early Warring States hegemony, zhao was suffered the Handan Calamity. In the early years of the Warring States Period, the Central Plain Region is already completely penetrated by Qi and Wei. If promoting South strategy by force, Zhao would have turned into a war quagmire while Qin would take the chance to strenthten reform. Assessing the situation, Zhao adjusted The South Strategy to the North gradually. By the reform of shooting on horse in Hu dress, Zhao enlarged thousands of northern land, destroying the State of Zhongshan. Finally Zhao had grown into the only state to contend with the strong Qin military power.