耕地占补平衡等级折算方法的比较研究

耕地占补平衡等级折算系数的计算与占补平衡的内涵有关，耕地占补平衡的根本目的是保证一定时间内区域耕地生产能力和粮食产量不降低，也就是说，耕地占补平衡应以现实产量为平衡标准。土地利用等指数更接近现实产量，标准粮产量和利用质量等指数两者同样反映了不同利用方式下的土地粮食生产能力，因此通过标准粮产量和利用质量等指数建立函数关系，可以很好地反映不同质量等别耕地粮食生产能力的差异。本文使用陕西省周至县农用地分等成果，分别利用等别自然质量等指数、等别利用等指数以及利用等指数-标准粮产量确定农用地占补平衡中被占用耕地和补充耕地的数量关系，通过理论分析以及对3种结果的综合分析，认为被占用耕地和补充耕地的数量关系可利用等指数-标准粮产量来确定。

Comparison between Three Quantity-quality Conversion Methods for Farmland Requisition-compensation Balance

The three methods to calculate the balance between occupation and compensation of cultivated land are based on utilization grade index with yield of standard food, utilization grade index and natural grade index respectively and explain the relation between farmland grade and grain production capacity from different aspects. We think that the calculation method for the balance between occupation and compensation of cultivated land is related to the implication of farmland requisition-compensation balance. The natural grade index is closer to the potential farmland production capacity. If the farmland requisition-compensation balance is based on the potential farmland production capacity, it should be calculated on the basis of natural grade index. But the basic purpose of farmland requisition-compensation balance is to ensure farmland production capacity and the grain yield in a region. That is, the farmland requisition-compensation balance should be done on the basis of real grain yield. The land utilization grade index is closer to actual grain yield than other grade indices. Both the yield of standard food and land utilization grade index can reflect the grain yield capacity of the farmland well. Therefore, the function relation between the yield of standard food and land utilization grade index can reflect the grain production capacity differences of various grades of farmland. Based on land appraisal of Zhouzhi Cunty, Shaanxi Provence, we used natural quality grading index, utilization grading index of cultivated land and utilization grading index with yield of standard food to determine the relation between the occupied land and compensative land. Through theoretical and comprehensive analysis of the three results, we suggested in this paper that the balance between occupation and compensation of cultivated land should be determined by using grade index with yield of standard food. The farmland requisition-compensation balance coefficient for Zhouzhi County was calculated by using grading index with yield of standard food.