美国科赫研究所开展融合科学的实践与启示

当今世界,"融合科学"新范式为人类解决重大经济社会问题提供了机遇与挑战。机构层面如何推动"融合科学"及其要求的数据开放共享,是当前科技界共同关注的问题。美国麻省理工学院最早提出了"融合科学"新范式,也是最早以该新范式建立专门研究机构的典型。文章以美国麻省理工学院从事"融合科学"的科赫研究所(Koch Institute)为案例,归纳分析该研究所在推动数据公开和共享方面的制度安排,以及与推动"融合科学"相关的设施和工作环境、人才培养、经费投入、科研项目设置等机制建设,以期为机构层面落实"融合科学"新范式及数据开放共享提供借鉴。

Practice and Enlightenment of Convergent Science Carried out by Koch Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Nowadays, convergent scientific research paradigm provides opportunities and challenges to solve major economic and social problems. Promoting convergent science and its required data sharing at the institutional level is a common concern of the scientific and technological circles. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is the originator of convergent science, and also established a specialized agency with this new paradigm. In this study, the Koch Institute, which is engaged in convergent science in MIT, is taken as an example to summarize and analyze arrangement of the institute in promoting data sharing, facilities and working environment, training, funding, scientific research project setting related to convergent science. As a conclusion it provides reference for the implementation of convergent science and data sharing at the institutional level.