马克思与全球化

马克思恩格斯认为 ,资产阶级社会的真实任务是建立世界市场和以这种市场为基础的生产 ,创造世界市场的趋势已经直接包含在资本的概念中 ;但是 ,建立在资本主义生产方式基础之上的全球化并不像资产阶级学者认为的那样只有互惠互利 ,而是由中心与外围组成的依附结构 ,最初是残酷的殖民统治 ,后来是技术上的垄断带来的剩余转移使资本主义世界体系天然不平等 ;对于工人阶级来说 ,无论是保护主义还是自由贸易 ,最终的结局都是一样的 ;资本主义的全球化为以个人自由全面发展的共产主义社会的到来创造了物质前提 ,资本由此成为推动历史发展的不自觉的工具

Marx and Globalization

According to Marx and Engels the real task of the bourgeois society is to establish a world market and a production mode based on that market. This tendency is explicitly embedded in their concept of capital. However, globalization based on capitalist production mode does not result in sheer mutual benefits, as was predicted by bourgeois scholars. Instead, it gives rise to a structure composed of a central part and subordinated parts, which means cruel colonialist exploitation in the early stage, followed by an inherent worldwide inequity caused by transfer of the surplus brought about by monopoly of technology. As for the working class, it does not make a difference in the end whether protectionism or free trade is at work. The article maintains that in the light of preparations for material foundations, capitalist globalization actually paves the way for the communist society, a society marked by full development of individuals. Therefore, the author concludes, capitalism somehow unconsciously plays a positive role in the progress of history.