热休克蛋白的研究进展及其应用

在不利的环境中，各种有机体都有其共同对应的分子反应，即正常基因的表达抑制和一组特殊基因－热休克基因的激活和表达，并导致热休克蛋白的大量产生。热休克蛋白主要作为分了伴侣而参与蛋白的折叠、转运及组装等过程，并能恢复或加速清除细胞内已变性的蛋白质而稳定细胞结构，使细胞产生热耐受。随着对热休克蛋白研究的不断深入，其在生物工程、医学和遗传育种等方面的应用前景十分广阔。

Progress of Study on Heat Shock Proteins

The heat shock response is a general property of all living organisms. In the detrimental environment, different kinds of organisms have the same molecular response, that is the inhibition of normal gene expression and the expression of heat shock genes. Heat shock proteins exist in cells and mainly acts as molecular chaperones, however, the syntheses of heat shock protein significantly increase at heat shock or other stress conditions. Heat shock proteins act as molecular chaperones to regulate protein folding, translocation and assembly, and they clear denatured proteins away or make them renaturation to stabilize cell structure. The synthesis of the heat shock proteins is correlated with cell thermotolerance. With the progress of research in this field, the application of heat shock proteins in gene engineering and medicine or relevant fields is becoming more and more prospective.