具身认知视角下科技场馆学习支架的设计

具身认知强调认知是身体参与的认知,通过身体、环境、感知、心智的互动融合完成知识的表征。科技场馆借助实体场馆与先进信息技术的融合,构建了具身学习的场域。文章首先基于具身认知理论,在科技场馆的具身学习中融合三种环境(即物理环境、社会环境和心理环境)和三类具身(即实感具身、实境具身和离线具身),设计了科技场馆学习支架。随后,文章在“电流的磁效应”主题学习中开展了两轮迭代设计研究,验证科技场馆学习支架的应用效果。最后,文章形成了修正后的科技场馆学习支架,以提升学习者身体在场的行动参与感,帮助学习者身体体验的内化与经验建构,为学习者在科技场馆中的具身学习提供有效的学习支持。

The Design of Learning Scaffold for Science and Technology Museums under the Perspective of Embodied Cognition

Embodied cognition emphasizes that cognition is the cognition of body participation,and the representation of knowledge is completed through the interaction and integration of body,environment,perception and mind.In virtue of the integration of physical museums and advanced information technologies,science and technology museums construct the field of embodied learning.Firstly,based on the theory of embodied cognition,this paper designed the learning scaffold for science and technology museums by integrating three kinds of environments(namely physical environment,social environment and psychological environment)and three kinds of embodiments(namely real sense embodiment,real situation embodiment and offline embodiment)in the embodied learning of science and technology museums.Then,two rounds of iterative design research in the theme learning of“magnetic effect of electric current”were carried out to verify the application effect of learning scaffold for science and technology museums.Finally,the revised learning scaffold for science and technology museums was formed,which aimed to enhance learners’participation sense of physical presence,help them internalize and construct experience of physical experience,and provide effective learning support for learners’embodied learning in science and technology museums.