明代人才制度改革得失的思考

人才制度的改革对于政权的巩固与社会的发展有着直接的影响。明代人才制度的改革坚持公开、公正、平等的原则，实行科举取士，实现了官吏科举化的历史转变，人才由多元变为一元，在全社会造成重料举、鄙薄技术的局面。由于人才单一化，科举人才的知识结构不合理，厚古薄今，虽然取得了巩固攻权的效果，也造成了中国人才结构失调，技术人才缺乏的严重局面，并使中国在世界历史发展的转折关头，失去了良机，落在了先进国家的后边。

Reflecting on the Gains and Losses of the Reform of Talented Person System of the Ming Dynasty

The reform of talented person system has exerted directly influence on the consolidaton of politic power and the development of society.With regard to the reform of talented person system, the Ming Dynasty insisted on holding the principle of publicity, fair contending and equality. It carried out enrolling bachelors by imperial examination and realized the historic change of choice of officials by imperial examination. Thus telented persons of multipliyed knowledge turned into those of singlized one; and in society, people paid much attention to imperial examination, looked down science and techonology and esteemed the past over the present. Owing to the above reasons, though the power ot the Ming dynasty was consolidated, yet the serious condition of lack of men of scientific and technical knowledge was also caused. Then, at this historic juncture our countrylost good opportunity and left far behind of the advanced coutries.