交通肇事罪中刑罚设定与犯罪预防关系反思

交通肇事罪的设定，一方面是为了对违反交通规则而造成严重后果的主体给予相应的刑事惩治，另一方面是为了给其他惯于违反交通规则的人以警戒。从一般预防的角度看，后者的积极作用大于前者。故而，在设定本罪相应犯罪构成和刑罚幅度时，应尽可能地从预防的角度进行规定，而不是仅仅关注肇事后果和对应的刑罚报应。如能使刑事惩治起到事前预防的作用，则无疑会使设立本罪的效用得到新的充分的发挥，使人们在刑罚的心理强制作用下不敢随意地违反交通规则．进而有效预防交通事故的发生。

Rethinking on Relations Between Penalty and the Preventing of Traffic Accident

The crime of traffic accident, on the one hand is giving penalty to the man who disobeyed the traffic regulation and cause severe result, on the other hand is giving warning to the man who used to disobey the traffic regulation. From the angle of commonly prevention, the latter one＇s function is greater. So when constitutd the imputation, we should conside more about prevention, not only attend to result and penalty. If the blame could do something about prevention, the imputation＇s function will get new exertion, and it will make people don＇t dare to disobey traffic regulation at will, so it could prevent traffic accident effectively.