股骨颈扭转角和颈干角的测量及力学分析

目的]测量和分析股骨颈扭转角和颈干角,并分析其对髋关节的力学影响。材料及方法]取解剖实验室24例股骨,用直尺和角度尺测股骨标本扭转角、颈干角。结果](1)扭转角,24例股骨中有13例扭转角在10°~20°之间,为正常;有6例小于10°,为髋关节后倾;有5例大于20°,为髋关节前倾。SPSS配对t检验,后倾组与正常组比较,t=-6.343,p<0.01;前倾组与正常组比较t=7.089,p<0.01;组间差异显著。(2)颈干角,24例股骨中颈干角125°两例,为正常;颈干角小于125°有11例,为髋内翻;颈干角大于125°有11例,为髋外翻。SPSS单样本t检验,内翻组与正常值125°比较,t=-7.402,p<0.01;外翻组与正常值125°比较t=6.118,p<0.01。结论]实验室部分股骨存在显著髋关节后倾或前倾;大部分股骨存在髋内翻或髋外翻。

Measurement and Mechanical Analysis of Femoral Neck Twist Angle and Neck Shaft Angle

Objective]to measure and analyze the torsion angle of femur and the angle of neck shaft,and to analyze the mechanical effect on hip joint.Materials and methods]24 cases of femur were selected from the anatomic laboratory.The torsion angle and neck stem angle of femur were measured with ruler and angle ruler.Results]1.In 24 cases of femur,13 cases were normal with twist angle between10o and 20o,while 6 cases with twist angle less than 10o were hip retroversion,5 cases with twist angle more than 20o were hip anteversion.Compared with the normal group,t=-6.343,P<0.01 in the hip retroversion group;t=7.089,P<0.01 in the hip retroversion group;there was significant difference between the two groups.2.In 24 cases,the angle of the neck shaft was 125o in two cases,which was normal;in 11 cases,the angle of the neck shaft was less than 125o,which was coxa vara;in 11 cases,the angle of the neck shaft was more than 125o,which was coxa valgus.SPSS single sample t-test showed that t=-7.402,P<0.01,compared with the normal value of 125o in the coxa vara group;t=6.118,P<0.01,compared with the normal value of 125o in the coxa valgus group.Conclusion]there is significant hip joint retroversion or anteversion in some femurs of the laboratory,and coxa vara or coxa valgus in most femurs.