现代汉语不及物动词的论元和宾语——从抽象动词“有”到句法—信息结构接口

本文讨论王冕死了父亲这类句式的生成方式,要回答的问题就是在现代汉语中为什么有的不及物动词可以让其唯一论元居于动词之后,而有的不可以。本文对这一问题的解决主要从两个方面来着手,一是动词移位,二是句法与信息结构的接口。本文在Huang(1987、1989、1990)和Wang(1965)的基础上首先论证汉语中抽象动词有的存在,然后指出抽象的有既可以实现为词汇动词,又可以实现为体貌标记。当它作为体貌成分存在时,它所处的位置是vP之内,而词汇动词只能通过vP内的动词移位来获得这一体貌标记。在对vP内动词移位分析的基础上,本文最后从句法与信息结构的接口要求上对相关句式的合法或不合法的情况做了进一步分析,指出句法向信息结构输出的成分要满足信息结构对相关信息进行有效分拣的基本要求。

Mandarin object-taking intransitive constructions at the syntax-information structure interface

This paper proposes an abstract verb analysis of the object-taking intransitive constructions in Chinese. The abstract verb, represented as HAVE, can be realized as either an inner vP aspectual head selecting VP as its complement or a Lexical verb selecting TP as its complement (cf. Huang 1987). It is assumed that if the abstract verb is merged with a VP projected from an unergative verb, then the sole argument of VP is the underlying subject of VP, which must be raised in accordance with the relevant verb ...