从模糊整体到自觉整体:个体发展中的自我整合与整全性教育的路径

个体发展大致经历四个基本阶段:模糊整体、感性局部、理智局部、理性综合。从模糊整体出发,个体发展早期的教育乃是诗性的,诗性教育为个体成人奠基;以感性局部到理智局部,个体发展中期教育的中心是智性的,智性的教育提升个体发展的高度;个体理智能力发展的高级阶段乃是个体把周遭人与事物置于关系结构之中,建立事物与自我之间的整体性联系,个体发展后期的教育乃是德性的。正是早期教育的审美性奠定个体成长的整体性基础与个体成长过程中对此整体性的不断应答,使得个体走向整全性发展成为可能。

From Fuzzy Entirety to Self-conscious Entirety: A Path to Achieve Self-integration and Integrated Education

An individual’s development roughly goes through four basic stages:fuzzy entirety,partialperception,partial rationality,and integrated rationality.An individual’s early development is poetic and lays the basis for one’s furtherdevelopment.The middle stage of individual’s development,from partial perceptionto partial rationality,is wisdom-centered andenhancesindividual development.The advanced stage of an individual’s wisdom development is that the individual puts persons and things around him into a relationship structure and builds an integrated relationship between those things and persons and himself.The education in an individual’s later period is virtue-based.Aesthetic-appreciation ability shaped in early education lays the basis for an individual’s integrated growth,and continuous adjustments made according to problems met during his growth make it possible to move towards integrated development.