清末归国留学生再考试论略

清末，在张之洞、袁世凯的激励倡导下，清廷实施了对海外归国的留学生再考试制度，考试合格者按照其考试成绩授予相应的科名、再授以实官。推行这种再考试制度的根本目的是为了挽救清廷的统治，但也对刷清晚清吏制、端正海外留学风气起了一定的积极作用。

On the Re-examination of Returned Students in the Last Years of Qing Dynasty

In the last years of the Qing dynasty, proposed by Zhang Zhidong and Yuan Shikai, a system of re-examining the returned students was practiced by the imperial government. Qualified candidates were each first granted an official rank according to their achievements in the examination and then a practical official position. The purpose of such a practice was to rescue the rule of the Qing government but it also played an active role in scrubbing the official system and in straightening out students' intention of studying abroad in the last years of the Qing dynasty.