“技术环境悖论”的微观经济学分析

“技术环境悖论”揭示了技术的环境双刃剑作用,降低技术的环境负效益、扩大其环境正效益将有助于实现工业技术进步的生态化发展.文章利用环境的相对供给和相对需求曲线,通过局部均衡和一般均衡方法分析工业技术进步的环境影响.结果表明,工业技术进步的环境影响取决于正负效益的力量对比：当技术进步的环境负效益大时,须利用较强环境偏好型政策机制来消除或降低企业浪费“技术-环境剩余”的动机;当技术进步的环境正效益大时,工业技术进步和环境偏好型政策机制具有可替代的相似作用.

Microeconomics Analysis of Technology-Environment Paradox

Technology - environment paradox demonstrate the technology＇ s double - edged sword role to environ- ment, so reducing environmental negative effectiveness and increasing environmental positive effectiveness of tech- nology will achieve industrial technology ecological progress. With the relative supply curve and relative demand curve, in this paper we use partial equilibrium and general equilibrium to analyze the environment effect of industri- al technology progress. The results show that the environmental effect of industrial technological progress depends on the balance of power of positive effectiveness and negative effectiveness. When environmental negative effective- ness of the technological progress is larger, the policy mechanisms with more strong environmental preferences should be applied to eliminate or reduce the corporate motivation of wasting “technology - environment surplus”. On the contrary, when environmental positive effectiveness of the technological progress is larger, industrial techno- logical progress and the policy mechanism with environmental preference is alternative.