名誉侵权诉讼中的语言学思考

由于语言本身的复杂性和法律规定的抽象性,名誉侵权成为难度较大、争议较多的一类案件。美国社会学家DellHymes提出了言语事件构成要素理论(SPEAKING),阐明了言语生成和理解这一动态过程中对言语事件产生影响的一系列因素,提供了一套较为完整的语境参数分析言语事件。言辞是否构成侵权可通过分析言语事件的构成要素加以认定,从而较好地解决了名誉权案件中的分析框架问题。

Linguisitic Approach to Reputation Infringement Suits

Due to the complicated language use and poorly-defined law,reputation infringement suits are controversial and difficult to handle.SPEAKING,components of speech events proposed by Hymes,specifies a set of factors which could affect a speech event during the process of language production and interpretation.Whether a particular wording is defamatory or insulting can be ascertained by examining components of the speech event involved.By specifying a set of parameters potential to affect speech,SPEAKING provides us with a framework for language analysis.