人力资本抑或身份符号:研究生就业匹配质量影响因素的实证研究

研究生就业匹配涉及教育程度、专业和能力是否匹配三个方面。基于对36所高校调查数据的分析,发现我国高校研究生在就业时出现教育程度不匹配、专业不匹配、能力不匹配现象的比例分别约为35%、40%和35%。性别是影响就业匹配的重要因素,女性研究生在就业匹配上处于劣势;专业、就读院校、学位类别也是影响就业匹配的主要因素,其中研究生阶段就读院校因素的影响大于本科毕业院校;社会实践经历和学业成绩对就业匹配也有一定影响。总体而言,就读院校和专业的信号功能强于学业产出因素。

Human Capital or Identity Signals: An Empirical Research on Job-education Match of Postgraduates

Job-education match could be understood in three aspects: match in education ,major and competence. Based on data analysis from 36 colleges, the probability of these mismatches were about 35%, 40% and 35% respectively. It was found that gender was a vital factor influencing job-education match, and female postgraduates were at a disadvantage during their job-hunting;it was witnessed that major, institution and degree category were the main factors on job-education match, with institutions of postgraduates availing to those of undergraduates;moreover, experience of social practice and academic record also contributed to job-education match. To sum up, institution and major were more valuable signals than academic outputs in predicting job-education match.