我国70年高考改革的回顾与反思

中华人民共和国成立之初,在中央政府威望高涨和计划经济体制取得成功的大背景下,我国高考制度与政治经济的发展之间建立了牢固的共轭关系。这种共轭关系奠定了我国高考改革70年历史的基本格局。改革开放以来,经济作为共轭关系中的重要变量对高考改革的影响日益突出。科举文化的消极影响、计划经济的思维惯性、局限于具体考试技术的狭隘思路,是导致当前我国高考改革陷入困境的三大症结。面对新时代、新形势和新任务,我们应当尽快将高考改革的工作重点从考试改革转向高校录取制度改革,努力革除高考自身的科举文化特质,为选拔和培养各行各业创新型人才打开新局面。

Retrospect and Review: The Reform of China College Entrance Examination in 70 Years

Under the background of high prestige of central government and success of planned economic system at the beginning of the founding of the PRC, the conjugate relationship between the college entrance examination system and the political economy development was established. Such conjugate relationship shaped the structure of China college entrance examination reform. Since the reform and opening up, economy as the important variable of the conjugate relationship, has affected the reform of college entrance examination. Now the reform is in a tight spot, caused by the negative impact of imperial examination culture, the thinking inertia of planned economy and the narrow thought limited to specific examination techniques. Facing the new era, new situation and new tasks, the focus of college entrance examination reform should be turned from the examination reform to the admission system reform, getting rid of the culture characteristics of imperial examination and opening new perspective of selecting and cultivating innovative talents for all walks of life.